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London is declining as global city10/18/2023 ![]() This was a period of low overall population growth, even stagnation in England and was characterised by a very late age at marriage, low illegitimacy rates, and relatively low levels of birth within marriage. Fourteen years later, Gregory King, Britain’s first great demographer, estimated it at 527,000. In the mid-1670s, when the Proceedings began to be published, the population of the capital was approximately 500,000. The city that was created in the process was marked by its youth and its high proportion of women, drawn to the capital by domestic service. ![]() But between them a gradual and punctuated decline in child mortality, in combination with in-migration, from the British Isles, Europe and the rest of the world, were decisive. This pattern of growth was not steady, nor was it entirely down to any single factor. From a city which was just starting to spill beyond the confines of the ‘Square Mile’, by 1913 London marched across the landscape, some seventeen miles from end to end. From a population of around half a million when the Proceedings began publication in 1674, London reached a staggering population of over seven million by the time they ceased in 1913. By the early twentieth century it dwarfed its largest competitors, and formed an urban machine for living that was unprecedented in human history. In terms of its population London overshadowed all other British and almost all European cities even in the late seventeenth century and continued to do so throughout the next two and a half centuries. William Hogarth, 'Cunicularii, Or the Wise Men of Godliman in Consultation' (1726).
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